Images of Musculoskeletal Oncology

Chondroblastoma - Head of Humerus
19 year old female with progressive right shoulder pain for 1.5 years.

The AP shoulder radiograph demonstrates a large osteolytic lesion in the head of the patient’s humerus involving the epiphysis and metaphysis. Thinning of medial cortex with a small amount of external new bone growth or calcification is seen. The differential diagnosis from this radiograph would include giant cell tumor, bone cyst, and epiphyseal chondroblastoma.
MRI reveals a large destructive lesion in the humeral head containing white irregular deposits of calcification - compare to the white articular cartilage of the humeral head to access calcification on this MRI. A small amount of cortical penetration of the tumor is seen medially on the MRI.

An open biopsy was performed of this tumor. Several multinucleated giant cells are seen in this background of cells with pink cytoplasm and round nuclei with little evidence of pleomorphism, and suggests that these cells are benign chondroblasts.
The high power view demonstrates the chondroblasts, and in the central portions mature chondrocytes. The diagnosis of an active chondroblastoma 2 was made, and curettage with insertion of allograft bone performed.
At 10 months post op the patient was doing well. The radiographs show considerable healing. Note the coils from the preoperative embolization to minimize operative bleeding. Allograft bone was inserted into the defect. The tumor itself is smaller, and the patient is essentially painless with excellent functionality.


Learning Issues:

1. An osteolytic lesion in the epiphysis of a teenage or young adult should suggest the Dx of epiphyseal chondroblastoma.

2. Thorough curettage is usually curative, although recurrence does occasionally occur.

3. Proximal humerus, proximal tibia, and femoral head are common locations, but these lesions may occur in any epiphyseal area. When located in the proximal humerus, this lesion is often termed a Codman Tumor.


Images of Musculoskeletal Oncology
University at Buffalo Department of Orthopaedics